penalty

noun

1. 惩罚；处罚；刑罚
   a punishment for breaking a law, rule or contract
   1. to impose a penalty
      予以惩罚
   2. Assault carries a maximum penalty of seven years' imprisonment.
      侵犯人身罪可判处最高七年的监禁。
   3. The penalty for travelling without a ticket is £200.
      无票乘车的罚款为200英镑。
   4. Contractors who fall behind schedule incur heavy financial penalties.
      承包商如延误工期将被处以巨额罚款。
   5. a penalty clause in a contract
      合同中的惩罚条款
   6. You can withdraw money from the account at any time without penalty .
      您可以随时从账户中提款，不收罚金。
2. 害处；不利
   a disadvantage suffered as a result of sth
   1. One of the penalties of fame is loss of privacy.
      成名的弊端之一是失掉了隐私。
3. （对犯规者的）判罚，处罚
   a disadvantage given to a player or a team when they break a rule
   1. He incurred a ten-second penalty in the first round.
      他在第一轮受到停赛十秒钟的处罚。
4. 点球；罚点球得分
   a chance to score a goal or point without any defending players, except the goalkeeper , trying to stop it; the goal or point that is given if it is successful. This chance is given because the other team has broken the rules.
   1. Two minutes later Ford equalized with a penalty.
      两分钟后，福特以一记点球将比分扳平。
   2. We were awarded a penalty after a late tackle.
      对方铲球犯规后，我们得到了一个点球。
   3. I volunteered to take the penalty (= be the person who tries to score the goal/point) .
      我自愿主罚点球。
   4. He missed a penalty in the last minute of the game.
      在比赛的最后一刻，他罚失了点球。

1. N-COUNT 刑罚；处罚；惩罚
   A penalty is a punishment that someone is given for doing something which is against a law or rule.
   1. One of those arrested could face the death penalty...
      被捕的那些人中有一人可能被判死刑。
   2. The maximum penalty is up to 7 years imprisonment or an unlimited fine.
      最高处罚是最多7年监禁或者无上限罚款。
2. N-COUNT 罚球；点球
   In sports such as football, rugby, and hockey, a penalty is an opportunity to score a goal, which is given to the attacking team if the defending team breaks a rule near their own goal.
   1. Referee Michael Reed had no hesitation in awarding a penalty...
      裁判迈克尔·里德毫不犹豫地判了点球。
   2. Jonathan Davies scored a penalty goal.
      乔纳森·戴维斯点球得分。
3. N-COUNT 惩罚；报应；不利后果
   The penalty that you pay for something you have done is something unpleasant that you experience as a result.
   1. Why should I pay the penalty for somebody else's mistake?...
      为什么我要代人受过？
   2. It's a penalty of us being girls — sons have an easy time.
      这是我们身为女孩的弊端——男孩子们过得轻松。

1. The House of Commons has overwhelmingly rejected demands to bring back the death penalty for murder
   下议院以绝对多数否决了对谋杀罪恢复死刑的要求。
2. The following year Parliament voted to abolish the death penalty for murder
   议会于翌年表决对谋杀罪废除死刑。
3. We do not ask for the death penalty: barbarism must not be met with barbarism.
   我们不赞成死刑：不能以暴制暴。
4. The referee ignored voices baying for a penalty.
   裁判对要求判罚点球的叫喊声不予理睬。
5. He scored from the penalty spot after being brought down in the box.
   在罚球区内被违规撞倒后，他罚点球破门得分。
6. The House of Commons is to debate once again whether to bring back the death penalty.
   下议院将再次就是否恢复死刑展开辩论。
7. It was a crime of espionage and carried the death penalty.
   这是间谍罪，应判死刑。
8. If a person uses a gun in the commission of a crime, then he should be given an additional penalty.
   如果使用枪支进行犯罪，就应该受到额外的惩罚。
9. If convicted for murder, both youngsters could face the death penalty.
   如果谋杀罪名成立，这两个年轻人都可能会被判处死刑。
10. Supporters of the death penalty argue that it would deter criminals from carrying guns
    死刑的支持者认为它能阻吓罪犯携带枪支。
11. A penalty by Thierry Lacroix broke the deadlock in the dying minutes of the game.
    蒂里·拉克鲁瓦的点球在比赛结束前的最后时刻打破了僵局。
12. He also had his licence endorsed with eight penalty points.
    他的驾驶执照也被扣了8分。
13. The Government of Jamaica consider it imprudent to abolish the death penalty.
    牙买加政府认为废除死刑是轻率之举。
14. In the budget before last a tax penalty on the mobile phone was introduced.
    上上次的预算案中对移动电话引入了惩罚性税收。
15. Amnesty International opposes the death penalty as a violation of the right to life.
    国际特赦组织反对死刑，称其违背了生命权。
16. He scored four of the goals but missed a penalty.
    他4次射门得分，却罚失了1粒点球。
17. It was more nerve-wracking than taking a World Cup penalty.
    这比在世界杯上罚点球还扣人心弦。
18. Thirteen people have been charged with treason — an offence which can carry the death penalty
    13人被控犯有叛国罪——一种可处死刑的罪行。
19. Why should I pay the penalty for somebody else's mistake?
    为什么我要代人受过？
20. One of those arrested could face the death penalty
    被捕的那些人中有一人可能被判死刑。
21. The maximum penalty is up to 7 years imprisonment or an unlimited fine.
    最高处罚是最多7年监禁或者无上限罚款。
22. Referee Michael Reed had no hesitation in awarding a penalty
    裁判迈克尔·里德毫不犹豫地判了点球。
23. Jonathan Davies scored a penalty goal.
    乔纳森·戴维斯点球得分。
24. It's a penalty of us being girls — sons have an easy time.
    这是我们身为女孩的弊端——男孩子们过得轻松。
25. The ref gave a penalty and Zidane scored.
    裁判判罚点球，齐达内操刀命中。
26. There have now been 139 executions since the death penalty was reinstated in 1976.
    自1976年恢复死刑以来共有139人被处决。
27. The death penalty was never restored.
    再也没有恢复死刑。
28. The prosecutors have warned they will seek the death penalty
    检控方律师已警告说他们会努力争取判处死刑。
29. It's now unlikely that future parliaments will bring back the death penalty
    现在看来，将来议会不太可能恢复死刑。
30. The referee blew his whistle for a penalty.
    裁判鸣哨判罚。

  penalty punishment【导航词义：惩罚，处罚】

  penalty n. 处罚，惩罚

〔辨析〕多指因违反法律、规则或合约而受到的惩罚。

  punishment n. 处罚，惩罚（手段）

〔辨析〕泛指处罚某人的行为和各种手段。

n.

pay the penalty (for sth/for doing sth)

pay a/the price (for sth/for doing sth)

• 因…受害 / 付代价
  to suffer because of bad luck, a mistake or sth you have done
  1. He looked terrible this morning. I think he's paying the penalty for all those late nights.
     他今天上午脸色很不好，我想这是他一直熬夜造成的。
  2. They're now paying the price for past mistakes.
     他们现在正在为过去的错误付出代价。

noun

1. the act of punishing

   Synonym:    punishmentpenalizationpenalisation

2. (games) a handicap or disadvantage that is imposed on a competitor (or a team) for an infraction of the rules of the game

3. the disadvantage or painful consequences of an action or condition
   1. neglected his health and paid the penalty

4. a payment required for not fulfilling a contract