refrain

verb

1. 克制；节制；避免
   to stop yourself from doing sth, especially sth that you want to do
   1. Please refrain from smoking.
      请勿吸烟。
   2. He has refrained from criticizing the government in public.
      他克制住了自己，没有在公开场合批评政府。

noun

1. 经常重复的评价（或抱怨）
   a comment or complaint that is often repeated
   1. Complaints about poor food in schools have become a familiar refrain.
      抱怨学校饭菜差已是耳熟能详的老调了。
2. 副歌；迭歌；迭句
   the part of a song or a poem that is repeated after each verse

1. VERB 克制;忍住
   If you refrain from doing something, you deliberately do not do it.
   1. Mrs Hardie refrained from making any comment...
      哈迪夫人忍住不作任何评论。
   2. He appealed to all factions to refrain from violence.
      他呼吁所有派系避免使用暴力。
2. N-COUNT （歌曲的）叠句，副歌部分
   A refrain is a short, simple part of a song, which is repeated many times.
   1. ...a refrain from an old song.
      一首老歌的副歌部分
3. N-COUNT 反复说的话;老调
   A refrain is a comment or saying that people often repeat.
   1. Rosa's constant refrain is that she doesn't have a life.
      罗莎总是重复的一句话就是她没有像样的生活。

1. When breaking in an engine, you probably should refrain from high speed for the first thousand miles
   当磨合发动机时，最初的1,000英里里程内尽量不要高速行驶。
2. Mrs Hardie refrained from making any comment
   哈迪夫人忍住不作任何评论。
3. He appealed to all factions to refrain from violence.
   他呼吁所有派系避免使用暴力。
4. Rosa's constant refrain is that she doesn't have a life.
   罗莎总是重复的一句话就是她没有像样的生活。
5. Can you refrain from laughter, my friends?
   各位不要大笑，好吗？
6. How shall I refrain from tears when we part?
   我们分手时，我怎么能抑制住眼泪？
7. I made a terrific effort to refrain from tears.
   我狠着心把泪止住。
8. She couldn't refrain from smiling through tears.
   她不禁破涕为笑。
9. The Swiss humanitarian organization is appealing to Israel and Hamas fighters to refrain from targeting civilians and civilian infrastructure.
   这个在瑞士的人道主义组织呼吁以色列和哈马斯武装人员尽量不要打击平民和民用基础设施。
10. They appealed to the protesters to refrain from violence.
    他们呼吁抗议者们不要采取暴力行动。
11. Refrain from arguing with your mate. Get together with those you find mentally stimulating.
    不要和伴侣发生争端。多和那些给你精神上带来启发的人相处。
12. Per our roommate agreement, kindly refrain from raucous laughter, clinking of glasses and celebratory gunfire.
    根据我们的室友协议，请好心避免刺耳的笑声，玻璃的叮当声和庆祝的炮火声。
13. We reaffirm our commitment to refrain from competitive devaluations and all forms of protectionism.
    我们再次承诺，将避免采取竞争性贬值和各种形式的保护主义。
14. It is not a refrain you are likely to hear every day, I have to admit.
    我必须承认，这可能不是那种你每天都能听到的话。
15. I warn you to refrain from provoking me, or I'll ask your abduction as a special favour.
    我警告你不要惹我，不然我就要特别请它把你勾去。
16. I refrain from hurt myself.
    我避免弄伤我自己。
17. A binding commitment to do or give or refrain from something.
    做、给与或避免某事的具有约束力的誓言。
18. Both sides should refrain from taking any actions that may undermine mutual trust or prejudge the outcome of negotiations.
    双方都应避免采取任何可能破坏互信或预断谈判结果的行动。
19. It is important that you refrain from using this card while the charge dispute is in process.
    它最重要的是你不要使用这张卡，而收费纠纷过程中。
20. Use discretion in your dealings and refrain from making verbal promises of any kind.
    在交易中使用自由裁量权，避免做任何一种口头承诺。
21. However we should refrain from worshipping or judging others.
    不过，我们应该避免崇拜或批判别人。
22. Refrain from trying to win other people's approval and admiration.
    不要试图去赢得别人的赞同与赞美。
23. If you deliver your homework late, you should refrain from looking at the solutions under any circumstances.
    如果你迟交作业，你应该在所有情况下避免看解答。
24. He said the Vatican must sever links with Taiwan and refrain from interfering in China's internal affairs.
    他说，梵蒂冈必须切断与台湾的联系，也不能干涉中国的内政。
25. It's wrong to bear with him and refrain from principled argument.
    对他容忍而不作原则上的争论是不对的。
26. All sides must refrain from any violence, intimidation or provocative actions.
    各方都必须避免任何暴力、恐吓或挑衅行为。
27. I have tried to refrain from drowsing in the class, but it failed.
    我已经试着在课堂上不要打瞌睡，但还是失败了。
28. And to refrain from throwing him on the ground.
    避免把他扔到地上。
29. Refrain from unprofessional or dishonourable behaviour and refer any unresolved disputes to the SCATC and accept its decision.
    避免非职业和不名誉的行为，将不能解决的争议提交西洋公司并接受其决定。
30. We will refrain from competitive devaluation.
    我们将避免竞争性货币贬值。

  refrain check curb inhibit restrain【导航词义：阻止】

  refrain v. 〈正式〉克制，抑制

〔辨析〕指忍住不做某事，常后接介词 from。

  check v. 克制，阻碍，抑制

〔辨析〕指因意识到不对而忍住不做某事或克制感情，也指阻止不好的事情恶化或继续发生。

  curb v. 控制，抑制

〔辨析〕指为了防止造成有害的影响而控制或约束某事物。

  inhibit v. 阻止，抑制

〔辨析〕指妨碍某事物发展。

  restrain v. 阻止，克制，抑制

〔辨析〕含义广泛，常指以武力阻止某人做某事，也指克制情绪、行为或控制、限制某事物。

noun

1. the part of a song where a soloist is joined by a group of singers

   Synonym:    chorus

verb

1. choose not to consume
   1. I abstain from alcohol

   Synonym:    abstaindesist

2. resist doing something
   1. He refrained from hitting him back
   2. she could not forbear weeping

   Synonym:    forbear